Gaussian Splatting: a 3D rendering technique

3D rendering has undergone a revolution with the introduction of Gaussian Splatting, an innovative technique that promises to transform the way we interact with three-dimensional objects and scenes, especially in the field of augmented and virtual reality.

Throughout this post, we’ll explain what Gaussian Splatting is, its advantages, implementations, and how it compares to other 3D modeling and rendering techniques.

What is Gaussian Splatting?

Gaussian Splatting is a rendering technique that uses Gaussian distributions to efficiently represent 3D scenes in real time. This technique is based on the mathematical principles developed by Carl Friedrich Gauss and leverages artificial intelligence (AI), specifically deep learning, to optimize the representation of radiance fields.

The main innovation behind Gaussian Splatting lies in its ability to provide accurate volumetric rendering (at least from a visual perspective) without the need for computationally intensive calculations. This makes it an ideal solution for augmented and virtual reality applications, where efficiency and visual quality are crucial.

Advantages of Gaussian Splatting

We’ve already mentioned that Gaussian Splatting offers several benefits in terms of precision and quality, making it an ideal solution for researchers, engineers dedicated to heritage recovery, or other professionals working with virtual reality (VR) or augmented reality (AR). But let’s look at all the advantages of this new technology.

High visual quality

One of the main advantages of Gaussian Splatting is its ability to produce high-quality visual results. It uses Gaussian distributions to create smooth and detailed representations of 3D scenes, avoiding the artifacts common in other rendering techniques.

Real-time efficiency

Unlike other methods that require expensive neural networks to train and render, Gaussian Splatting maintains competitive training times while providing high-quality view synthesis in real time. This is essential for interactive applications where fast response times are critical.

Versatility

Gaussian Splatting is highly versatile and adapts well to different types of content, from real-life scenes to synthetic datasets. The technology has been evaluated in terrestrial and aerial scenarios, near-field objects, and other environments, as well as on objects with reflective textures and materials, and even glass, achieving unparalleled results to date.

Visual comparisons and evaluations

Traditional radiance field methods have transformed novel view synthesis, but they often require extensive training and significant computational resources. Gaussian splatting, on the other hand, uses a more efficient approach that enables real-time rendering without sacrificing visual quality.

Evaluations in real and synthetic scenarios

In evaluations conducted on both real-world scenes and synthetic datasets, Gaussian Splatting has proven to be a superior solution in terms of quality and efficiency. Compared to traditional techniques, it offers a more accurate and detailed representation of complex scenes.

Who is Gaussian Splatting ideal for?

We have already mentioned that Gaussian Splatting has established itself as one of the most innovative techniques in 3D rendering, thanks to its ability to generate scene reconstructions with a level of realism and efficiency superior to traditional approaches such as Neural Radiance Fields (NeRFs).

This technology is especially useful for sectors seeking to integrate three-dimensional environments in a flexible, precise, and visually impactful manner. Below, we explore the main beneficiaries of its application.

Researchers and academics in computer vision

Gaussian Splatting is an ideal tool for researchers and academics working in the field of computer vision and 3D graphics. Its efficient scene reconstruction makes it a valuable resource for studying new rendering methods, testing innovative models, and experimenting with applications in areas such as augmented reality and scientific simulation.

Video game and real-time graphics developers

For the video game industry, this technique represents a significant change. By allowing captured real-world scenes to be integrated into virtual environments with high fidelity, developers can create much more immersive experiences. Furthermore, compared to NeRFs, it offers improved real-time rendering performance.

Film industry and visual effects (VFX)

Audiovisual and film production finds a strategic ally in Gaussian Splatting. This technique enables the capture of real-life settings with extreme detail, reducing the dependence on manual modeling. As a result, time is saved in the creation of visual effects (VFX) and the integration of photorealistic environments into films, series, or commercials is facilitated.

Realidad Virtual (VR) y Realidad Aumentada (AR)

Gaussian Splatting is particularly well-suited to VR and AR applications, where speed and optimization are essential. Its fast rendering capabilities make it an ideal solution for resource-constrained devices, such as virtual reality headsets, smartphones, or augmented reality systems. This positions it as a key tool for developing next-generation immersive experiences.

Architecture, engineering, and cultural heritage.

En sectores como la arquitectura, la ingeniería y la conservación del patrimonio, esta técnica permite capturar y visualizar espacios arquitectónicos, monumentos y sitios históricos con gran precisión. Thanks to this, it is possible to digitize cultural heritage for its preservation, create high-quality digital replicas, and produce architectural presentations with a high visual impact.

Startups and Digital Twins

Startups and tech companies working with digital twins are also finding great potential in Gaussian Splatting. The technique makes it easier to create accurate virtual replicas of physical spaces, which is extremely useful for simulations, industrial maintenance, training, and process optimization projects. Moreover, its efficiency makes it an attractive option for companies looking to innovate without incurring excessive computational costs.

In summary, Gaussian Splatting is ideal for those who need realistic, fast, and efficient 3D reconstructions—especially in sectors such as video games, film, VR/AR, architecture, and heritage, as well as academic research in computer graphics.

Implementation and resources

The official repository for “3D Gaussian Splatting for Real-Time Radiance Field Rendering” provides tools and pre-trained models to facilitate the implementation of this technique. Key elements include 3D Gaussian density optimization and a fast rendering algorithm that achieves real-time visual quality at 1080p.

Recent updates have improved the compatibility and features of the real-time viewer, allowing for a more fluid and accessible user experience.

In conclusion, Gaussian Splatting represents a significant advancement in the field of 3D rendering, offering an efficient and high-quality solution for augmented and virtual reality applications. Its ability to accurately render scenes in real time opens up new possibilities for developing interactive and immersive experiences.

Gaussian Splatting vs. Videogrammetry: Accuracy vs. Visual Realism

Gaussian Splatting has been a major breakthrough in the field of 3D visualization. Its ability to generate high-quality visual scenes, even in complex environments where photogrammetry and videogrammetry have previously encountered limitations, makes it a highly attractive technique for rendering and visual effects applications.

However, when it comes to metric precision and reliability, which are essential in engineering, videogrammetry remains a more robust alternative.

• Both techniques share a common basis in image orientation using Structure from Motion (SfM).
• The difference arises in the reconstruction phase: while Gaussian Splatting prioritizes visual consistency, videogrammetry leverages the generation of Depth Maps, which, in scenarios with heterogeneous textures, provide greater precision and resolution.
• This means that while Gaussian Splatting offers visual realism and smoothness in complex environments, it still falls short of the levels of accuracy required by industries such as surveying, architecture, construction, and archaeology.

En este sentido, el software de fotogrametría 2fVideoModeling, desarrollado por 2Freedom, representa un paso adelante en la democratización de la captura 3D de precisión.

Thus, while Gaussian Splatting is currently emerging as a tool with great potential for the world of rendering and visual effects, videogrammetry—and in particular 2fVideoModeling—remains the most suitable option for engineering, where data accuracy, resolution, and traceability are critical factors.